打火花就是放電(dian)(dian)加(jia)工(gong)(gong),即火花機加(jia)工(gong)(gong)。在做電(dian)(dian)火花機加(jia)工(gong)(gong)時，工(gong)(gong)具電(dian)(dian)極(ji)和(he)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)分別接脈沖電(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)兩極(ji)，并浸入(ru)工(gong)(gong)作液(ye)中，或(huo)將工(gong)(gong)作液(ye)充入(ru)放電(dian)(dian)間(jian)(jian)(jian)隙(xi)。經過間(jian)(jian)(jian)隙(xi)自動控制系統控制工(gong)(gong)具電(dian)(dian)極(ji)向工(gong)(gong)件(jian)進(jin)給，當(dang)兩電(dian)(dian)極(ji)間(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)間(jian)(jian)(jian)隙(xi)到達一(yi)定間(jian)(jian)(jian)隔時，兩電(dian)(dian)極(ji)上施(shi)加(jia)的(de)(de)脈沖電(dian)(dian)壓將工(gong)(gong)作液(ye)擊穿，產生(sheng)火花放電(dian)(dian)。

火花(hua)(hua)通(tong)(tong)道(dao)(dao)必(bi)需在維持暫短的時間(通(tong)(tong)常(chang)為10-7-10-3s)后(hou)及時熄滅，才(cai)可堅持火花(hua)(hua)放電(dian)的“冷極(ji)”特性(即通(tong)(tong)道(dao)(dao)能(neng)量轉(zhuan)換(huan)的熱能(neng)來(lai)不及傳至電(dian)極(ji)縱(zong)深(shen))，使(shi)(shi)通(tong)(tong)道(dao)(dao)能(neng)量作用(yong)(yong)于極(ji)小范圍(wei)。通(tong)(tong)道(dao)(dao)能(neng)量的作用(yong)(yong)，可使(shi)(shi)電(dian)極(ji)部分被(bei)腐(fu)蝕。 應用(yong)(yong)火花(hua)(hua)放電(dian)時產生的腐(fu)蝕現象對材料(liao)做(zuo)尺寸加工的辦法，叫電(dian)火花(hua)(hua)機加工。

在放電(dian)的(de)微細(xi)通道中瞬(shun)時集(ji)中大量的(de)熱能，溫度可高達一(yi)萬(wan)攝氏度以上，壓力也(ye)有急劇(ju)變化(hua)，從而(er)使這一(yi)點工(gong)(gong)(gong)作外表部分(fen)微量的(de)金(jin)屬資料立(li)即凝結、氣化(hua)，并(bing)爆炸式地飛濺到(dao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作液中，疾(ji)速冷凝，構成(cheng)固(gu)體的(de)金(jin)屬微粒，被工(gong)(gong)(gong)作液帶走(zou)。這時在工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)外表上便留下一(yi)個(ge)微小(xiao)的(de)凹坑痕跡，放電(dian)短暫停(ting)歇，兩電(dian)極間工(gong)(gong)(gong)作液恢復*緣狀態(tai)。

緊接著，下一(yi)(yi)個脈沖電(dian)(dian)壓又在兩電(dian)(dian)極(ji)相(xiang)對接近(jin)的(de)另一(yi)(yi)點處擊穿(chuan)，產生火花放電(dian)(dian)，反復上(shang)(shang)述過(guo)程。這(zhe)樣，固(gu)然(ran)每個脈沖放電(dian)(dian)蝕(shi)除的(de)金(jin)屬量極(ji)少，但因每秒(miao)有成千上(shang)(shang)萬(wan)次脈沖放電(dian)(dian)作(zuo)用(yong)，就能蝕(shi)除較多的(de)金(jin)屬，具有一(yi)(yi)定的(de)消費率(lv)。

工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)液(ye)(ye)作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)介質，在(zai)加工(gong)過程中(zhong)還起(qi)著冷(leng)卻、排屑等(deng)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)。常用(yong)的(de)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)液(ye)(ye)是粘度較低(di)(di)、閃點較高、性(xing)能穩定(ding)的(de)介質，如(ru)煤油、去離子水和(he)乳(ru)化液(ye)(ye)等(deng)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)火花機是一種(zhong)自激放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，其(qi)特性(xing)如(ru)下： 火花放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)兩個(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極間在(zai)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)前具較高的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，當兩電(dian)(dian)(dian)極接近時，其(qi)間介質被擊穿后，隨(sui)即發(fa)作(zuo)(zuo)火花放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。隨(sui)同擊穿過程，兩電(dian)(dian)(dian)極間的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻急劇變(bian)小，兩極之(zhi)(zhi)間的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)也(ye)隨(sui)之(zhi)(zhi)急劇變(bian)低(di)(di)。

在堅持工(gong)具(ju)(ju)電(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)與(yu)工(gong)件之(zhi)間(jian)恒定放電(dian)(dian)間(jian)隙的(de)(de)條件下，一邊蝕除(chu)工(gong)件金屬，一邊使(shi)工(gong)具(ju)(ju)電(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)不(bu)時(shi)地向工(gong)件進給，*后便加工(gong)出與(yu)工(gong)具(ju)(ju)電(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)外(wai)形相對(dui)應(ying)的(de)(de)外(wai)形來。因而，只需改動工(gong)具(ju)(ju)電(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)外(wai)形和(he)工(gong)具(ju)(ju)電(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)與(yu)工(gong)件之(zhi)間(jian)的(de)(de)相對(dui)運動方式(shi)，就能加工(gong)出各(ge)種(zhong)復雜的(de)(de)型面。工(gong)具(ju)(ju)電(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)常用(yong)導電(dian)(dian)性良好、熔點較高、易(yi)加工(gong)的(de)(de)耐電(dian)(dian)蝕資料，如銅、石墨、銅鎢合(he)金和(he)鉬等(deng)。在加工(gong)過程中，工(gong)具(ju)(ju)電(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)也有(you)損(sun)耗，但(dan)小于工(gong)件金屬的(de)(de)蝕除(chu)量，以至接近(jin)于無損(sun)耗。

通過打火花操作的石墨模具更(geng)加耐(nai)用，更(geng)加能(neng)適應(ying)不(bu)同的(de)需求，使用效果也更(geng)加好，更(geng)多石墨(mo)各類(lei)制(zhi)品(pin)問題，歡迎您的(de)咨詢!